Gynecomastia often causes both physical discomfort and emotional distress in teenage boys. While exercise alone cannot treat gynecomastia, there are options available to reduce male breast tissue. Here is a guide on when to seek treatment for gynecomastia in adolescents.

What Is Gynecomastia?

Gynecomastia is a condition where there is excess male breast tissue. Adolescents commonly experience it during puberty due to hormonal imbalance. Some experience gynecomastia as a complication of medication. Once the cause of gynecomastia is identified, many treatments and procedures can be recommended.

Common Causes of Gynecomastia in Teens

During puberty, fluctuations in estrogen and testosterone levels can lead to gynecomastia in teens. It is a temporary condition that resolves as hormone levels stabilize.

However, certain medications, including antibiotics, anti-ulcer drugs, and anabolic steroids, can contribute to the development of gynecomastia. Additionally, conditions such as hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, or liver disease can affect hormone levels and potentially lead to gynecomastia.

Substance use, such as alcohol, marijuana, and illicit drugs, can also disrupt hormonal balance and contribute to adolescent gynecomastia.

Recognizing Gynecomastia Symptoms

The primary symptom of gynecomastia is the noticeable enlargement of breast tissue in one or both breasts. This symptom can be accompanied by tenderness or sensitivity in the breast area. In some cases, boys may also experience asymmetry, where one breast is larger than the other.

Can Adolescent Gynecomastia Heal Naturally?

In most cases, adolescent gynecomastia goes away on its own after puberty, around 16 to 18 years of age. Some continue to grow until their twenties. If consistent exercise and a healthy diet are not reducing chest size, it may be time to consult a healthcare professional.

When to Seek Treatment for Gynecomastia

If gynecomastia persists for more than two years or continues into late adolescence, it is time to seek treatment. Candidates for gynecomastia should also check for physical pain or tenderness in the breast area. Persistent discomfort is not typical and may require intervention.

If gynecomastia is accompanied by symptoms of other health issues, such as weight loss, fatigue, or changes in skin color, a medical evaluation is necessary to rule out underlying conditions. Sudden and rapid development of breast tissue should be evaluated promptly to rule out serious underlying causes.

Severe emotional distress or social anxiety resulting from gynecomastia should also be addressed. Adolescents can experience embarrassment or self-esteem issues from gynecomastia.

Treatment Options for Gynecomastia

For many adolescents, reassurance and regular monitoring by a healthcare provider may be all that is needed. In most cases, gynecomastia resolves without intervention.

In certain cases, medications that adjust hormone levels may be prescribed. These are reserved for severe cases or those that do not resolve on their own. For persistent and bothersome gynecomastia, surgical options such as liposuction or mastectomy may be considered. These procedures aim to remove excess breast tissue and restore a typical male chest contour.

Recovery Timeline and Tips for Post-Surgery

Understanding the recovery timeline and aftercare instructions can help patients prepare if surgery is necessary. Immediately after surgery, expect some swelling and bruising in one to three days. Pain can be managed with prescribed medication.

Most patients can return to school or light activities within a week. However, they should avoid strenuous activities or heavy lifting.

Swelling and bruising will gradually subside within the first month. As instructed by the surgeon, wearing a compression garment can help reduce swelling and support healing.

Full recovery can be expected in six weeks. Regular follow-up appointments will monitor progress and address any concerns.

Parental Guidance for Adolescent Gynecomastia

Parents play an important role in supporting their children through gynecomastia. Open communication about the condition and its treatment options can help alleviate anxiety. Encouraging a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can also contribute to overall wellness.

Schedule Your Consultation

If you are concerned about gynecomastia, schedule your consultation with John Reilly, M.D., a board-certified plastic surgeon in New Haven. Dr. Reilly will assess your gynecomastia symptoms and discuss your treatment options. Receive the best possible care and restore your confidence today.